Individualism versus Collectivism Essay Example for Free

Individualism versus Collectivism Essay The concepts of individualism and collectivism apply to the description of societies and individuals within the society. Cultures vary in their levels of individualism/ collectivism while individuals within these specific cultures vary on the same dimension. Idiocentric and allocentric are constructs that are very important in differentiating consistent variations of an individual’s attitudes, beliefs, self-definition, normative behavior and self-definition. Individualism is termed as the person’s level of idiocentric while collectivism is the person’s level of allocentric (Udehn, 2001). Idiocentric individuals emphasize more on their own goals and needs over those of the group to which they belong. They are much independent and self-reliant. On the other hand, allocentric individuals tend to be more cooperative, interdependent and they also have a stronger desire to partner with others. In addition allocentric and idiocentric individuals differ in their source of intimacy and companionship to satisfy their several needs and to strengthen their self-esteem. For instance, idiocentric obtains their social support from peers and best friends while allocentrics obtain their social support from their parents. Individuals with allocentric tendencies have fewer daily but more in-depth discussions than individuals with idiocentric tendencies. People who express more allocentric or idiocentric tendencies vary in various ways. For instance, the people who tend to be more allocentric have good reliability and inter-correlation thus showing convergent validity. They are characterized with three main aspects which include individual to group goals, in-group as extension of the self and in-group identity. Individuals who are more idiocentric mainly use equity and need in distributing rewards. Individuals who are more allocentric mainly emphasize on the values of cooperation, fairness and honesty while individuals who are more idiocentric put much emphasis on values of comfortable life, competition, pleasure and social recognition. Persons who are allocentric receive much and better quality social support while those who are more idiocentric are usually higher in achievement motivation, alienation and greater loneliness. The difference between collective and individualist cultures is mainly based on self. In collectivist cultures, the self is more linked to in-group memberships while in individualist cultures; self-concept is obtained from independently groups which are based on the varying characteristics and contributions of the individual. In collectivists’ cultures, there is high adherence to the goals of the in-group and to in-group values and also the maintaining of in-group harmony (Lee Kelly 1996). In individualistic societies, the aims and the goals of a particular individual are more important and less significance is attached to in-group harmony. Nevertheless, individualism is mainly based on Western cultures while collectivism is related with Eastern cultures. Collectivistic cultures have lower rates of suicide, psychopathology and relatively higher marital satisfaction than individualistic cultures. I consider myself to be idiocentric. This is because I always concentrate on my own goals and achievement over those of the other people and I carry out my tasks independently. I normally display a different tendency towards the allocentric. For instance, in making purchase of luxury brands, I purchase goods for my own sake pleasures ad interests while the allocentric purchase the luxury brands only with an aim of seeking social recognition (McCarthy, 2005). As a result of these differences, conflict and misunderstanding emerges. This is because as a personally motivated consumer, I will purchase the luxury brands for self-interests while on the other hand an allocentric individual who is socially motivated will make the purchase of luxury brands with an aim of seeking social recognition.

Bonobo Chimpanzee - 1st Person Essay :: essays research papers

A Day in the Life of a Bonobo Chimp Before I show you the first page in my daily journal I must first give you some insight about my kind, the pygmy chimps, or bonobos, as I prefer to be called. I prefer to be called a bonobo rather than a pygmy chimp, because my kind are not chimpanzees, we are practically humans, 99.6% genetically the same to be exact. So please do not refer to me as a pygmy chimp. Were as far from chimps, as chimps are from gorillas. Here is the lowdown on my fellow bonobos and I. Males and females look just about the same, except for the obvious, which will be talked about much more later in my story. My kind has black hair covering their entire body, excluding face, hands, and feet. Children have a white spot on their tail stub, while elders’ hair gets gray with age (another one of those human characteristics). Though we do share the same long arm, short leg characteristic as our inferior relatives, the chimps, we have a more slender body structure than them. We are much smaller than regula r chimpanzees, where the ignorant name pygmy chimp comes from, about 2  ½ to 3 feet tall, but weigh between 65 and 90 pounds, males weighing more. In a daily meal depending on the season we eat everything from fresh fruit and honey to termites, worms, and even small reptiles and squirrels. When the season gets hot and dry we must eat the stems and roots of plants. From the humans I have talked to I have learned that my kind is endangered, or for all of the idiotic chimpanzees, there aren’t very many of us left. One woman has told me that we are endangered because of our high expectations of living standards. We wouldn’t think of living anywhere besides the secondary tropical lowland rainforests in Zaire. She told me another reason that my kind was endangered was because of something called, â€Å"poaching.† I had no clue what that meant, but after she explained it I was shocked to find that animals other than leopards hunted us. Finally before this female human left I asked her why she wasn’t afraid of me and my kind, and she told me that we seemed much more relaxed than any other animal she has ever seen. I though about this for only a second, and I knew why (told later in the story).

Distribution of Product: Daing Na Bangus Essay

I.Products Boneless Bangus Boneless Bangus also known as â€Å"Daing na bangus† was one of the famous foods in the Philippines and it is one of the delicious and nutritious foods loved by most Filipinos. Fish like bangus contains proteins, fats, vitamins, calcium and iodine that is needed by our body towards a good and a healthy lifestyle. Through the process of deboning milkfish and marinating with vinegar and garlic, the product Daing na bangus became known in the country. Dagupan City is one of the famous sources of daing na bangus particularly Bonuan for its perfect and delicious taste. Daing can be served with plain rice or fried rice for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. They are readily marinated to a good taste that will surely be loved by the customers. Boneless bangus lasts for about ten (10) days up to two (2) weeks upon good preservation. If not, it will be perished. Daing are placed into packs that consist of three (3) medium pieces. The group gets the product by pack; usually the price from Dagupan is ranging from P75.00 to P80.00 per pack. The group sells them at P100 per pack so as to earn a reasonable profit. Source of the Product The product daing came from Magsaysay Market Avenue, Fernandez St. Dagupan City Pangasinan. It is quite far from Muà ±oz, Nueva Ecija that is why the transportation cost may lessen the profit that the group can be earned. Luckily one of the group member’s brother works there. During weekends he goes back to Muà ±oz to spend time with his family. The group asked him if he is willing to be the medium for delivery, so that the group can save a minimal amount of transportation cost. Fortunately he agreed upon the request of the group. From Dagupan market, daing na bangus is being transported in Muà ±oz, Nueva Ecija then the group distributes it to their customers. II. Why Product was chosen for Distribution? The group thinks of a food product that will be easily bought by the customers at an affordable price with nutrients good for our body. The group chose daing for distribution activity because the product is easy to market since it is affordable and considered as an all time-favorite by most Filipinos. It can be served in the breakfast, lunch, and even dinner time. The group also considers the source of the product; one of the group members has already a contact to the dealer of daing in Dagupan City that will surely deliver fresh daing at the time the customers needed the product. Selling perishable products takes difficulty for the distributors because they need to ensure that their products are still in good condition when it is delivered to final consumers. Perishable products need time, proper management, and proper handling upon selling to be able to guaranty customers that they will receive a good product. The group also wants to ensure that the consumers will be able to receiv e proper nutrients. III.Persons involved Tasks of the Group Members All group members performed equal tasks. The products are equally distributed to the group members and they are able to sold daing to their respective places, neighbors, friends, classmates and schoolmates. Other group members sold it directly in the market, canteens and stores. After experiencing selling individually, the group agreed to sell it as a whole. Starlet, being one who is responsible to contact her brother have done her part by informing him when and how many daing orders are going to be delivered to the group. She is also responsible for bringing the products to the group after she gets it from her brother. Maila have done her tasks successfully in distributing and selling daing. On the first order, Maila, being one of the members of the JBEES organization, asked help to the organization in distributing and selling bangus, they successfully sold out eighty (80) packs of daing na bangus. After that, she sells bangus by herself to gain profit as well as experience selling such product. She sold it to her family, neighbors, friends, and even professors in CLSU. Shekinah, another member of the group, have done her part successfully by selling daing not only to her family, neighbors, friends, and schoolmates but also to her churchmates and to stores near to their house. Jay-Ann sold her daing to her friends, classmates and boardmates. By means of connecting to other people, called networking, the group had fast distribution and sale. While selling daing, she also sold mushrooms on her own in order to have a high profit. Starlet uses her connections to other people in order to sell her products immediately; she sold bangus to her organization, family and friends. Chris John Paul also used his being a marketer. After he sold proportionate number of daing, he makes Maja Blanca on his own strategy and sold it to his classmates. After selling individually, the group agreed to help each other for faster distribution and sale. The group sells inside CLSU that is why it takes short period of time selling those products. The group went to Old Market and offered them the product. They also offered daing to the tricycle drivers inside CLSU and to the construction workers currently working in the hostel. About twenty workers bought the product and they really liked its taste that is why they bought another twenty pieces to the group. The group makes sure that their product, daing na bangus, are fresh and delicious. Before placing an order, the group has to make sure that they can dispose the product fast to maintain its good taste. If there are excess daing, the group puts it on a proper storage to maintain the good quality of the product. Reasons Why Tasks are done As part of the distribution activity the group members has to cooperate to the group. Each member did those tasks because they want to acquire more knowledge about selling products. They have to experience persuading customers to buy their products. They want to have a good communication to other people to easily sell and distribute their products. They did those tasks to be more trained and confident on dealing with different people in the near future. Also, they want to have profit from the selling activity. And most of all, they want to see themselves done those tasks successfully and confidently. IV. How Undertaken Duration of the Activity The selling activity started on June 28, 2010 and ended on August 23, 2010. V. Who were the customers and why were they chosen? The group members’ customers are their classmates, friends, professors, family, neighbors, nato tricycle drivers, and construction workers in CLSU. The group sold daing to their classmates since many of them are living on a dormitory, and boarding house. Their classmates commonly had problem thinking of their viand for their meals that is why some of them bought daing from the group. Since one pack of daing consists of three (3) pieces, they can share it to their board mates or roommates so that the cost will be cheaper. They also sold daing to their friends inside and outside CLSU. They spread the message about the product through the use of cellphone. If for some reasons their friends have no money, they will still find ways to endorse the product to their friends so that it will be more fast and easy for the group. The group, being persistent to their selling activity, sold their products even to their professors. Mostly, their professors are easy to persuade since most of them have their own family and they always think of a dish for their family’s dinner before they got home during afternoon. That is why they are easy to convince and they are familiar to the boneless bangus’ deliciously taste. During the first distribution, some of the group members bought daing for their family’s consumption. For them, it is really worth buying because of its taste and nutrients. Commonly, it can be served with a mixed tomato, onion and â€Å"alamang† or other vegetable dishes. It can also be served on breakfast with fried rice which commonly favored by most family members. Neighbors are easily reached by the members, most of them often stayed at their house that is why anytime, they could get the products. The nato tricycle drivers are quite hard to persuade into buying the groups product, daing, their main reason is their low daily income. The group exerted patience on persuading them until such time there are drivers who bought the product. The construction workers are currently working on CLSU hostel, upon convincing them they first thought of their salary because they usually get their salaries during Saturdays and we sell daing on weekdays. On that case, a deal has been made. The group sold daing to them on credit. The group could give the Boneless bangus to them upon delivery from Dagupan and so they are going to pay on the stipulated date. VI,. Approach to Customers Convincing people to buy â€Å"Boneless Bangus† is quite difficult for the group. Aside from the fact that the product is in good quality, delicious and affordable; a good approach to customers is highly important. First, the group introduced themselves as a marketing student and selling is part of the distribution activity as a fulfillment to their subject Marketing305. Second, they approached their customers politely and educate them about the product; where it is made and how it is being made. Their selling skills helped them easily dispose the products. They make sure that they are knowledgeable about the product they are offering, and have a good customer relationship to their buyers. These are the elements to have a successful selling activity. Benefits and Advantages of the Product Nowadays many people die from cancer, heart attack, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and other diseases because of their bad eating habits. That is why one must have to be conscious about their health. The product â€Å"Boneless Bangus† is nutritious that is rich in proteins, fats, vitamins, calcium and iodine. Nutrition experts say that protein from fish like bangus contains more of the essential amino acids needed to build and repair cells for the body. Aside from protein and iodine, fish also gives fat which is a source of heat and energy for work and play. Fat from fish is easy to digest because it has a low melting point. Calcium is also found in fish and this helps in body-building and regulating processes and is distributed evenly in the body. Vitamins B2 and B5, called niacin and riboflavin, respectively, are also contained in fish. These B-vitamins help keep the eyes and skin particularly in the mouth and nose healthy. Eating fish like boneless bangus will lessen the probability of having those kinds of sicknesses. Aside from that it tastes good because it is marinated with vinegar and garlic. It is also affordable and easy to prepare; for just P100 you can have three (3) medium pieces of boneless Bangus that is guaranteed fresh. The fact that daing na bangus is deboned, it will be easier and safe to eat especially to kids and adults.

Literary Analysis Of The Tell Tale Heart - 725 Words

Edgar Allen Poe uses the man in our story Tell-Tale Heart, the first-person narrator to relate to human reactions to guilt and temptations while suffering from a mental disability. He conveys this message through various literary devices such as symbol, character, narration and historical context. The main character, our narrator for the story is portrayed by Poe in the opening lines as a rather collected yet disturbed character; voicing his concern for the readers assumption at his insanity (37) providing dramatic irony in that the reader knows the narrator is indeed demented. In Arthur Robinson’s â€Å"Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† he discusses character flaws of the narrator: â€Å"He [the narrator] bases his plea upon the assumption that†¦show more content†¦The author then uses the Deathwatch beetle in his passage, â€Å"hearkening to the death watches in the wall† (39) to further foreshadow the coming death of the old man. Our narrator is such a wreck, it’s very hard to not feel bad for him. He is very nervous and paranoid and mentally and physically ill. The main character has a problem in believing reality and fantasy. He is also a murder. The old man’s eye is blue with â€Å"film† or â€Å"veil† covering it. This could be a medical condition, but symbolically it means the characters have some sort of â€Å"inner vision,† known as one’s outlook on the world. The eye also does some mysterious stuff, meaning it seems dull and unseeing but also has powers. â€Å"For it was not the old man who vexed me, but his Evil Eye.† (26) Every night around midnight the narrator would stalk the old man till he fell asleep and would look upon him as he slept. Until one night he was more daring and curious about the old man’s eye and wanted to get a closer look at the Evil Eye. â€Å"It was open, wide open and I grew furious as I gazed upon it.† (10) The narrator of the story has just committed a serious crime by killing a man and stuffing him under floorboards. He goes on with the story by trying to justify his actions. The Beating heart symbolizes the narrator’s guilt and wrongdoing. â€Å"I swung the chair upon which I had been sitting, the noise arose over all and continually increase.† (16) The narrator breaks and can no longer take the hearing of the BeatingShow MoreRelatedLiterary Analysis Of The Tell Tale Heart 1072 Words   |  5 PagesMason Wright Professor Ward English 1101 Oct 2nd, 2015 Literary Analysis: The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe In Edgar Allan Poe’s The Tell-Tale Heart, a story is told of a man whom is not named but I willrefer to as the narrator. The narrator is often quite nervous, however the man tells that â€Å"the disease has sharpened my senses- -not destroyed- -not dulled them†. The narrator tells of an old man, whom the narrator loves, but he plans to kill the old man, for the old man has what the narratorRead MoreEssay on Tell-tale Heart Literary Analysis723 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tell-Tale Heart A Literary Analysis Like many of Poes other works, the Tell-Tale Heart is a dark story. This particular one focuses on the events leading the death of an old man, and the events afterwards. Thats the basics of it, but there are many deep meanings hidden in the three page short story. Poe uses techniques such as first person narrative, irony and style to pull off a believable sense of paranoia. In this particular story, Poe decided to write it in the first person narrativeRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Tell Tale Heart1289 Words   |  6 PagesAmong the many strange and complex short stories of Poe, The Tell-Tale Heart has come to be known as one of the most mysterious and psychologically intriguing. Poes preoccupations with death, with madness, and with troubled human relationships all find their culmination in this brief narrative. The murder of the old man and its aftermath, which form the center of the story, are told with dazzling clarity, a clarity that itself obscures the meaning of the act and calls into question the emotionalRead MoreRole of Realism in Edagar Allan Poe ´s The Tell Tale Heart and The Cask of Amortillado1014 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe are dark short stories relevant to murder, revenge, and mystery. Poe writes both stories in a Gothic style in order to deal with ideas of realism. One may ask were the murders and punishments justifiable in either short story? One may also ask did Poe accurately depict realism in each story? Realism, defined as a technique in literature that accurately represents everyday life, is questioned in Poe’s works: â€Å"The Tell TaleRead MoreEssay about â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† 1448 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe is a first-person narrative short story that features a disguised-cum-mysterious narrator. The narrator does not reveal any interest while proving his innocence regarding the murder of the old man. Moreover, he makes us believe that he is in full control of his mind but yet suffering from a disease that causes him over acuteness of the senses. As we go through the story, we can find his obsession in proving his sanity. The narrator lives with an old man, whoRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart And The Premature Burial915 Words   |  4 Pag esThe Tell-Tale Heart and The Premature Burial are two short stories by Edgar Allan Poe. The Tell-Tale Heart is about the narrator killing an old man. The Premature Burial is about a mans fear of being buried alive. The theme of the two works are closely related to fear and guilt. Poe’s stories have terrifying plots, solid themes and literary criticism. The Tell-Tale heart starts as An unknown narrator says he is nervous but not mad. Then he informs the reader that he will be telling a story aboutRead MoreEssay on Insanity: The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe1165 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe is a first-person narrative short story that showcases an enigmatic and veiled narrator. The storyteller makes us believe that he is in full control of his mind yet he is experiencing a disease that causes him over sensitivity of the senses. As we go through the story, we can find his fascination in proving his sanity. The narrator lives with an old man, who has a clouded, pale blue, vulture-like eye that makes him so helpless that he kills the old man. HeRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart Analysis1071 Words   |  5 PagesName: Kabita Budhathoki Class: English 1302-63501 Professor: Derec Moore Date: 10/5/2017 The Tell - Tale Heart The Tell-Tale Heart is a short story written by Edgar Allan Poe which reflects the story of an unnamed narrator about his internal conflict and obsession. This story demonstrates the imagination power of a person and how imagination can affect an individual’s life. Here in this story, the narrator commits a murder of an old man with whom he used to live with an unclearRead MoreTell Tale Heart Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesIn â€Å"Tell Tale Heart,† Edgar Allen Poe develops the plot and creates a mood through the use of metaphors, symbolism, imagery, and foreshadowing. The unique use of said literary devices enables the story to strongly entice the reader’s interest and spark high levels of curiosity. The vivid mental pieces of art are beautifully painted with metaphors, symbolism, and imagery, the tools mastered by the painter, Edgar Allen Poe. The initial analysis will be that of the old man’s eye. Mr. Poe uses veryRead MoreAnalysis of Poes Successes and Failures in Poetry and Fiction1745 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of Poes Successes and Failures in Poetry and Fiction Edgar Allan Poes career may have been a failure considering what he set out to do, but he did achieve some success and notoriety in his own lifetime. His most successful poem was, of course, The Raven, a piece he composed to satisfy popular taste. But some of his short fiction was popular as well. As an editor and publisher, however, Poe did not quite achieve the greatness he sought. His legacy grew only after his death, thanks

Why Does the U.S. Need Immigration Reform - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 979 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Immigration Reform Essay Did you like this example? The United States has been the top destination for international immigrants than any other country in the world. With One-fifth of the worlds migrants living there. Immigrants today account for 13.5% of the U.S. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why Does the U.S. Need Immigration Reform?" essay for you Create order population which is around 43.7 million in 2016. This population has nearly triple the share form first recorded data in 1970 (Geiger, A. 2018, September 14). Among these immigrant 49 percent (21,2 million) of them are naturalized citizen. The remaining 22.5 million included lawful permanent residents, unauthorized immigrants, and legal residents on temporary visas (such as students and temporary workers) Hallock, J. (2018, February 27). Holding such a huge number of immigrants in the country U.S.A still work under the Immigration and Naturalization Act (INA) which was formed in June 30, 1968. Some other immigration related laws such as Real ID Act 2005, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals Dream Act are made which had very tiny solution for the immigrants living here. Lately President trump had tried to make changes in the law which didnt pass through congress and a travel ban was active for some time. In July 1, 2015, and Kate Steinle was walking with her father on Pier 14 in San Francisco. But out of nowhere, a bullet ricocheted off the concrete and struck the unsuspecting 32-year-old in the back, according to NBC News. She died two hours later in a nearby hospital. Jury found Kates accused killer, 45-year-old Jose Ines Garcia Zarate, not guilty on charges of murder, assault with a deadly weapon and involuntary manslaughter, The Washington Post reported. Garcia Zarate, a Mexican citizen who has been deported from the United States five times, was found guilty of possessing a weapon as a felon. President Donald Trump often talked about Steinles death on the campaign trail, using it to advocate for the construction of his proposed border wall on the U.S.-Mexico border with the aim of keeping out undocumented immigrants like Garcia Zarate (Magness, J. n.d.). Recent study of 2011 by the Government Accountability Office which estimated undocumented immigrants had committed some 25,000 homicides, 42,000 robberies and nearly, 70,000 sex offenses. However, the number of crimes by undocumented immigrants are lower than the native born. Building a wall around the country for illegal entry is not the only solution to control these entrance and crimes (Hors ley, S. 2018, June 22). Next thing that pops up in the mind is deportation. It comes with various impact on the families and communities as well as country which, holds a large number of immigrants. We all know there have been crimes related to immigrated population, but we know native stand pretty high as per the number stands. Even though, we have 45 million immigrants in the past three decades 340,056 peoples have been through deportation. Deportation and building wall will not make U.S. free from the problems of immigration. Instead problems are added to it. The U.S. citizen children that lived with an undocumented parent was 5.9 million according to the census 2010-2014. And about half a million parents get deported by the course of two years. This study shows us that about 1 million children get affected by deportation of their parents every four years. As I mentioned earlier, the problems of mental and healthy states degraded as well as the fact that 273,000 are U.S. born citizen children seems to add more to the problem. Its affect is long term health problems such as anxiety, depression, and many more stress related issues. It also brings children to an economic instability and poor childhood development (U.S. Citizen Children Impacted by Immigration Enforcement 2018, June 04). Typical legal and illegal immigrants come to America primarily for better jobs and in the process add value to the U.S. economy. However, they take advantage of weak national security environment and stay in the country for longer period. When three out of every 100 people in America are undocumented (or, rather, documented with forged and faked papers), there is a profound security problem. The case of American dreams keeps people stay in the country (Johnson, K. n.d.). Moreover, the government has also taking advantage of this. In current day there are many immigrants who work in low wage around the country. Due to lack of proper laws and regulation government losses a great amount of tax money every day. People work in cash and even the price is low for working with undocumented people. A coin always has two sides. American government know the situation of its immigration law. This issue has not only been ignored but also misused. During his campaign, Donald Trump used the issue o f illegal immigration as his point to change for his campaign. According to Trump, Mexico was sending high number of criminals over the border. He called for deporting the 12 million undocumented immigrants in the United States. However; after the election, Trump accused undocumented immigrants of surreptitiously voting for Hillary Clinton in the general election. He and his attorney general have stepped up deportations, even for traffic offenses. And he has refused to extend the Obama administrations Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, which allows the children of undocumented immigrants, who came to the United States through no choice of their own, to avoid deportation. This acts also led to influence the general and native American and their view on immigrants (The Two Sides of Immigration Policy. n.d.). The famous concept claiming immigrants come here take our good jobs and women actually might be wrong. Government knowingly not acting for the reform of this law arises a big question why it is ignored. Every Year people come to the United States with dream of freedom and opportunity. But the current immigration system is broken; Families are separated, immigration workers are exploited , people die trying to cross border, and they face discrimination. Therefore, immigration laws of the United States should be reformed in order to increase economic growth, decrease crime, and acknowledge the benefits of too native people.

A Synopsis Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Ashley Compton.

A Synopsis of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Ashley Compton Boise State University A Synopsis of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been used within a wide array of practices, to treat a variety of disorders and problems. CBT has not been around as long as other types of therapies but has become increasingly popular. Today’s mental health practitioners have been using CBT as a way of treating anything from depression and anxiety to children and families’ dilemmas. Within this text will be a broad overview of what cognitive behavioral therapy is about and offers. This presentation of information will cover the development of cognitive behavioral therapy, healthy psychological development,†¦show more content†¦In turn, he determined that depressed patients tended to have negative and spontaneous thoughts, which he deemed as â€Å"automatic thoughts.† From this discovery, Beck set out to help people determine and evaluate their automatic thoughts and to help them think more realistically about their thoughts. In turn, patients were more emotionally sound and behaved in more positively. Eventually, Beck coined the term â€Å"cognitive therapy† that we now know as â€Å"cognitive behavior therapy† today (â€Å"History of Cognitive,† 2016). The key terms of this theory, according to the Beck Institute, are cognitive formulation, conceptualization, cognitive model, and automatic thoughts. Cognitive formulation is defined as â€Å"the believes and behavioral strategies that characterize a specific disorder.† Conceptualization is defined as â€Å"understanding of individual clients and their specific believes or patterns of behavior.† Cognitive model is defined as â€Å"the way that individuals perceive a situation is more closely connected to their reaction than the situation itself.† Automatic thoughts are defined as â€Å"an idea that seems to pop up in your head† (â€Å"What is Cognitive,† 2016). Healthy Psychological Development Cognitive behavior therapists and researchers have determined there are three core approaches to the therapy. These include how behavior is affected by cognition,

America, “A city upon a hill” free essay sample

The United States of America is considered the â€Å"a city upon a hill† because of it contribution to human kind in the fields of democracy and freedom, technology, generosity, medicine, economy and entertainment. In the area of democracy, America is regarded a beacon of democracy. It’s true that the idea of free government is Greece, but America perfected the ideal of democracy and has in many ways promoted it around the world. According to the Council on Foreign relations, the United States uses several channels to promote democracy around the world. Such channels include the use of United States Agency for International Development (USAID); the State Department’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor (DRL); and Millennium Challenge Corporation, which is tasked with providing funds to nations that meet certain democratic standards. The desire to receive financial assistance from America forces many countries to adhere to some basic democratic ideals. We will write a custom essay sample on America, â€Å"A city upon a hill† or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page   As far as freedom is concerned, Americans are free to choose what god they worship, express their ideas without fear of being persecuted, live anywhere, send their children to school of their choice, to mention but a few. The Bills of Rights protect American from police, and the government. For instance, First Amendment   states â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances†,   Cornel Law School. Women in America in practical terms have the same rights as men. Despite the dark history of slavery, American freedom still stands of head among shoulders. Technological advancement in the modern time has been done mostly by Americans. For example, Computer History Museum credits Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. Department of Defense, for laying the groundwork for what become the ARPANET and, much later, the Internet. Although German inventor, Paul Nipkow discovered scanning disk which lead to experiment that lead to transmission of images, the discovery of television was done by an American, Farnsworth, who transmitted the first television picture electronically. Campel et al (2007). Americans continue to dominate the technological inventions even today as evidenced by the creation of search engines Google, social networks like, Facebook, MySpace, to mention but a few. It’s this industrious spirit that explains why America has the biggest and the most technologically advanced economy worth $ 14.26 billion, as cited in CIA Facts Book 2009. Culturally, America is the country with people from all over the world living together in harmony. The remarkable, unique and culturally diverse qualities of the United States of America serve as an example to countries around the world on how to live in diversity. Raymond L. Cohn, Illinois State University describes America as a land of immigrant, adding that almost every American descended from someone who arrived from another country. It is a dream for many people around the world to come and live in the United States and some risk everything in order to come to this great country.